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A history of the innovation and effects of the French Republican Calendar. The French Republican Calendar was perhaps the boldest of all the reforms undertaken in Revolutionary France. Introduced in 1793 and used until 1806, the Calendar not only reformed the weeks and months of the year, but decimalised the hours of the day and dated the year from the beginning of the French Republic. This book not only provides a history of the calendar, but places it in the context of eighteenth-century time-consciousness, arguing that the French were adept at working within several systems of time-keeping, whether that of the Church, civil society, or the rhythms of the seasons. Developments in time-keeping technology and changes in working patterns challenged early-modern temporalities, and the new calendar can also be viewed as a step on the path toward a more modern conception of time. In this context, the creation of the calendar is viewed not just as an aspect of the broader republican programme of social, political and cultural reform, but as a reflection of a broader interest in time and the culmination of several generations' concern with how society should be policed. Matthew Shaw is a curator at the British Library, London.

Calendar, Republican --- Calendar, Republican. --- Time measurements --- Republican calendar --- History. --- France --- Intellectual life --- French Republican Calendar. --- eighteenth-century time-consciousness. --- social, political, and cultural reform. --- society. --- time-keeping technology.

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This book charts new territory both theoretically and methodologically. Drawing on MacDougall’s notion of social aesthetics, it explores the sensory dimensions of privilege through a global ethnography of elite schools. The various contributors to the volume draw on a range of theoretical perspectives from Lefebvre, Benjamin, Bourdieu, Appadurai, Kress and van Leeuwen to both broaden and critique MacDougall’s original concept. They argue that within these elite schools there is a relationship between their ‘complex sensory and aesthetic environments’ and the construction of privilege within and beyond the school gates. Understanding the importance of the visual to ethnography, the social aesthetics of these elite schools  are captured through the inclusion of a series of visual essays that complement the written accounts of the aesthetics of privilege. The collection also includes a series of vignettes that further explore the sensory dimension of these aesthetics:  touch, taste—though metaphorically understood— sight and sound. These varying formats illustrate the aesthetic nature of social relations and the various ways in which class permeates the senses. The images from across the different schools and their surroundings immerse the reader in these worlds and provide poignant ethnographic data of the forces of globalisation within the context of elite schooling.

Education. --- Sociology of Education. --- Interdisciplinary Studies. --- Educational Philosophy. --- Education --- Humanities. --- Sciences humaines --- Philosophy. --- Philosophie --- Social Sciences --- Education, Special Topics --- Elite (Social sciences) --- Upper class. --- Upper class --- Social status. --- Power (Social sciences) --- Social structure. --- Social classes. --- Private schools. --- Aesthetics. --- Beautiful, The --- Beauty --- Esthetics --- Taste (Aesthetics) --- Academies (Private schools) --- Independent schools --- Class distinction --- Classes, Social --- Rank --- Organization, Social --- Social organization --- Empowerment (Social sciences) --- Political power --- Social standing --- Socio-economic status --- Socioeconomic status --- Standing, Social --- Status, Social --- Fashionable society --- High society --- Society, High --- Upper classes --- Elites (Social sciences) --- Educational sociology. --- Education and sociology. --- Sociology, Educational. --- Philosophy --- Art --- Criticism --- Literature --- Proportion --- Symmetry --- Schools --- Caste --- Estates (Social orders) --- Social status --- Class consciousness --- Classism --- Social stratification --- Anthropology --- Sociology --- Social institutions --- Exchange theory (Sociology) --- Political science --- Social sciences --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Prestige --- Social classes --- Leadership --- Social groups --- Psychology --- Motion pictures-Asia. --- Asian Cinema and TV. --- Motion pictures—Asia. --- Aesthetics --- Social aspects. --- Radio broadcasting Aesthetics